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final cause

2560px-FoxandtwoharesLCCN2009630317
Image: Fox and hares, Japanese fine prints, pre-1915, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.

From Materialist Biologists, a Profound Capitulation

I have warned that one of the few remaining avenues that naturalism can take to rescue its paradigm is to appropriate “purpose” within a materialist framework. Read More ›
GrizzlyBearinAlaska
Photo credit: Ashley Lee, CC BY 4.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons.

Teleology: Anticipation and Necessity

Imagine a primordial grizzly bear on the northern edge of the forest adjacent to the Arctic. His soma senses the differences of the new environment. Read More ›
butterfly-mimicry
Photo credit: Butterfly mimicry, by Antony Trivet, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons.

Did Darwin Banish Teleology from Nature or Not?

James G. Lennox quotes from an 1862 essay, where Darwin wrote that “the final cause of all this mimicry” among butterflies is evading predation. Read More ›
The_Doctor
Image: The Doctor, by Luke Fildes, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.

Theist Doctor, Materialist Doctor

To be a good medical doctor, you have to treat the human body as if its parts have purpose and function. There’s really no way around it. Read More ›
Trees_in_ICM_on_Myrstigen_hiking_trail,_Brastad_2
Photo credit: W. Carter, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons.

Discerning the Shape of a “New Biology”

Purpose and intentionality permeate and in fact define the living state, in contrast to the inanimate. Read More ›
Aristotle
Photo: Bust of Aristotle, Museo Nazionale Romano, by Nick Thompson, via Flickr (cropped).

Sean Carroll: “How Could an Immaterial Mind Affect the Body?”

Aristotle noted that when we think carefully about natural causes we see that there are four distinct ways that causes can lead to effects in nature. Read More ›
oak tree
Photo: An oak tree, by Abrget47j [CC BY-SA 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons.

Aquinas’ Fifth Way: The Proof from Specification

What’s remarkable in nature is not so much that nature follows complex patterns, but that it follows any pattern at all. Read More ›
fall leaves

Does Nature Show Purpose? Reply to a Materialist Philosopher

Aristotelian teleology is, as Joseph Carter points out, manifested by order in nature. More precisely, teleology is consistency: natural processes tend to consistent ends. Read More ›

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